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I think that Christopher Columbus is the most influential explorer because he was the one that first discovered the Americas, and gave Spain a reason to keep sending explorers, which eventually lead to the settlers. In 1492 Columbus went on a voyage, funded by Spain, to try to reach the Indies. When Christopher Columbus first tried to get to the Indies, he traveled to the Americas, and thought it was the Indies, calling the natives Indians. After he found the Americas he went back to Spain and told them that the the Americas was full of riches, and new land, and it would be worth it if they founded another journey to explore it. After that there were many explorers that came back to explore the Americas. That all lead to the settlements, and eventually the American Revolution, so considering that he was the first one to go there and make it back, was pretty important. That is why I think that Columbus was the most important explorer.
Surviving Jamestown:
1.Magnetic Compass- To know what direction you are going in.
2. Flint and Striker- To make a fire to cook food, and keep warm.
3. Salted pork and Hard Tack- in case you don't catch enough food.
4. Astrolabe- To tell time
5. Musket- For defense against enemies or for hunting.
6. Ax- To chop down wood for fire and shelter.
7. Bleeding Bowl- to cure infection since there was no reliable medicine.
8.Case Bottle- To hold liquids and other materials that you need to store.
9.Candlestick Holder- To hold candlesticks without getting burned, and to see in the dark.
10. Bartman Jar- To carry liquid and other materials.
11. Sword- For fighting close range enemies, and for hinting if needed.
12. Hammock- For a bed if there are no natural shelters.
13. Hemp Rope- To make shelters, bedding, building, clothing and blankets, and to tie up ships.
14. Coins- To trade with other citizens
15. Beads-For the trade of jewelry.
Causes of the revolution:
1. French and Indian war:Britain asked the colonists to fight the French and the Indians, they one.
2. Proclamation of 1763: Britain feared more conflict with Native Americans, so they Banned the colonists from going west of the Appalachians.
3. Quartering act of 1765:Colonists were forced to house/feed British Soldiers, the Colonists thought Britain didn't trust them.
4. Stamp Act:Britain taxed paper goods, colonists felt this was unfair and boycotted British goods.
5. The Townsend Act: British made them pay extra tax for glass, led, and paper. Considered a secret tax, colonists were angered.
6. The Boston Massacre:British killed 5 unarmed colonists and angered Boston and all the Colonies.
7.Boston Tea Party: In protest of tea act, members of Sons Of Liberty dressed as mow-hawk Indians and dumped tea into Boston Harbor.
8. Intolerable Acts: Britain's response to the Boston Tea Party, closed Boston Haber, put Boston under Military rule and reinstated Quartering act.
9. First Continental Congress: 12 of 13 colonies sent delegates to Philadelphia to respond to King George. Sent Declaration of rights, and called on all militia.
10.Lexington and Concord: Britain were marching to Concord to seize the weapons. Encountered the militia and they fired first shot of the war in Lexington.
Booklet Sentences:
1. The causes of the revolution are a series of events and caused the colonists to rebel and form the revolution.
2. The Battle of Lexington and Concord was were the British tried to go to Lexington and destroy the colonists weapons supplies and encountered militia in Lexington. The first shot was fired and the revolution was off.
3. Thomas Paine's common sense was a pamphlet that encouraged full independence from England and was the key motivate for the revolution, sold 500,000 first year.
4. The declaration of Independence was a document that was mainly written by Thomas Jefferson, sign by Thomas Jefferson, and declared our rights and independence.
5. Battle of Trenton was when General Washington knew that his troops needed a boost after a bad loss, so on December 25, 1776 he crossed the Delaware and caught the British and German troops killing 100 men and killing 1,000, not one American was killed.
6. The Battle of Sara toga was when the British wanted to cut off New England by taking the Hudson River Valley, the Americans won the Battle and it was a major victory, a key turning point for the war.
7. Winter at Valley Forge was when George Washington took his troops to Valley Forge to train and they became the Continental Army.
8. Battle of Camden was where the Americans attacked and received heavy losses, General Green replaced General Gates.
9. By summer of 1781 the Americans managed to force the British to Yorktown where the French Navy was waiting, on October 19, General Cornwallis and 8,000 British soldiers surrendered and the war was won.
10. The treaty of Paris was a Document that was signed in Paris, France that officially declared our independence from England.
I think that most important battle was the Battle of Yorktown because it was the final major battle, and it was the battle that won the war for the Americans. Without that Battle the war might have went very differently, we might still belong to England. Getting ruled by a country that is 5,000 miles across the Atlantic was stopped when it all came down to that battle and the Americans pulled through, and the war was won right there, in Yorktown.
Articles of Confederation: The articles of Confederation were Bills that the second continental congress came up with so that they could run their new nation smoothly after the war. The Articles had laws and restrictions on them that they thought would make their nation orderly and well run. The articles were like an early version of the constitution. It was modeled after colonial government. It was drafted in 1777 and ratified in 1781.
The strengths of the articles were that they established a firm league of friendship among the states. It made the USA able to declare peace, and war, and it made us able to make treaties with foreign countries.
The Executive Branch:
The president has the right to choose a vice president if the current one can/will not continue in their line of work. If the president and the vice president are unable to continue then the speaker of the house steps up. the next in line would be pro tempore of the senate, secretary of treasury, secretary of defense, attorney general, secretary of interior, secretary of interior, secretary of agriculture, secretary of commerce etc. The president is many things. He is the war general,the top military, the political party leader. He is also the legislative, and Judicial leader. He has the power to grant a pardon among other things. A pardon is a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment. A reprieve is an order to declare a persons punishment until higher court can rule on the case(usually a death sentence.) Communication substitutes a less sever punishment fir the originally imposed by the court. Amnesty same as pardon applies a less sever punishment. He also is the chief of state. The vice president is the president of the senate but he only goes if their is a tie in the senate. He also takes part in the cabinet meeting, and helps with diplomatic relations with other countries.
The Judicial Branch
There is no judicial branch under the articles of confederation. The judicial branch was created in article three of the US constitution. Only one federal court created it is the supreme court. Today in 2015 there are federal courts and state courts. The courts structure is the supreme court at the top, then the federal district court, then the US court of Appeals at the bottom. In order it would go to the Federal district court, then to the US court of Appeals , then to supreme court. For all federal courts the judges serve for life , they are appointed by the president and approved by the senate. The US court of appeals was created by congress in 1891 to help lesson the work load of the supreme court. They decide the appeals of US district court. There are 12 of them. The US supreme court is the only court that was created by the constitution and is the highest court. It is the final authority and has both original and appellant jurisdiction. 90% of their cases appeals form lower federal courts. The congress establishes the size of the supreme court( the current size is 8 associate justices and 1 chief justice.)Justices nominated by the president and approved by the senate. There are no qualifications for judges, but they can be impeached and convicted if they are suspected of being guilty of a crime. Cases that are present to the supreme court may be presented through an order by the court and a lower court request. Supreme court decisions are explained in a written statement called an opinion.
Bill of Rights:
The first amendment of the bill of rights guarantees freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition. This means that we all have the right to practice the religion that we want to, speak freely, to assemble, address the government, and to publish newspapers, TV, radio, and internet.
The second Amendment protects the right to bear arms, which means the right to own a gun. The third amendment says that the government cant force you to house and feed soldiers. The fourth amendment protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures. That basically means that you can not search your house without a warrant. The 5th amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are properly indicated. You may be tried twice for the same crime. you don't have to testify against yourself in court. The 6th amendment guarantees a speedy trial so you cant be kept in jail for over a year without a trial. An impartial jury (doesn't already think that you're guilty.) that the accused can confront a witness against them. And that the accused must be allowed to have a lawyer. The seventh amenment garentees a speedy civil trial. A civil trial differes from a crimonol trial.
George Washington
- Electoral collage elected him in 1787
- leaders from both the republicans and the democrats.
- 1st term he was 57
- 2nd term he was elected February 13, 1791
- He started electing cabinet members in his first term.
- Established many peace treaties
- wrote a farewell address in his 2nd term.
- Negative view on human kind. He thought humans were selfish and unkind so he tried to base his decision on the well being of everyone.
- Supporter of central or federal government. He thought the power should be in the hands of few people, and was a critic of the articles of confederation.
- He wanted a strong federal government, with fewer states rights, and a broad interpretation of the constitution.
- All the politicians that believed what Hamilton believed banded together to form the first political party.
- He wanted an industrial economy and wanted a national bank called the Bank of the United States.
- Wrote the Federalist papers.
- Established in 1791, to create more stable revenue.
- Tax placed in grain by Alexander Hamilton.
- angered everyone on the frontier
- 400 rebels set fire to the house of John Neville.
- Washington sent 1200 troops to stop it.
- Showed power of the American Army.
- Battle between Native Americans and the US.
- America took victory
- War ended with the signed treaty of Greenville.
- Led to Ohio eventually becoming a state,
- Gave the U.S land.
- Authorized George Washington on April 22, 1793.
- Designed to keep america out of wars.
- Helped the US survive when it was first starting out.\
- Septembers 17, 1796
- Said to make temporary alliances in times of emergency.
- Warned against forming political parties.
- Said not to form debt because it would further affect future generations.
- On Thursday April 30, 1789
- Spoke about him and the government being there for the good of the people.
First Political Party
- Believed in a strong government this was necessary.
- Federalist leader= Alexander Hamilton
- Democratic-Republicans leader= Thomas Jefferson
- First Vice President of the United States
- Second President of the United Sates ( Served only one term.)
- Kept the US out of war with France
- Father of the US Navy.
- Sent a delegation to France to dissolve disputes.
- French prime minister Talleyrand sent three agents to demand bribes and a loan.
- Adams refereed to the agents as X,Y, and Z, and ereged congress to prepare for war.
- Designed to keep people from speaking out against the government.
- Citizenship requirements changed from 5-14 years.
- These acts hurt the Federalist parties.
- Thomas Jefferson vs. John Adams
- President in office from 1801-1809
- In office from 1797 to 1801.
- Thomas Jefferson and Erin Burr tried with 73 electoral votes.
- House of Representatives chose the president.
- Led to the passing of the 12th amendment.
- First secretary of State.
- Second Vice President.
- Third President
- Adams appointed his midnight Judges.
- Jefferson says no
- One of the judges sues.
- First election where there were 2 political parties involved.
- Led to the 12th amendment being passed.
- John Adams won election.
- First secretary of war under George Washington.
- France put it up for sale for 15 million dollars, Jefferson thought that buying it would be unconstitutional but used treaty making powers to buy it.
- The land doubled the size of the US.
- Sent by Jefferson to explore the territory looking for a water route to the west.
- Sacuagewa helped them
- He led two expeditions through the upper Mississippi.
- Gave Americans their first detailed description of the great plains and rocky mountains.
- Art- American heros and scenes.
- Music-Patriotic american themed music
- Religion- During the 1800's 2nd great awakening
- Literature-American character and settings.
- writer of the Federalist papers
- First chief of Justice of the supreme coart
- Made all exports illegal
- Hurt US trade
- It was meant to harm France and Britain
- Considered Jefferson's biggest mistake
- US was angry about British impressment
- First time US president asks congress to prepare for war.
- Treaty of Ghent ended the war
- William Henry Harrison vs Tecumseh
- Native American Leader
- Faught the Battle of Tippecanoe
- Native Americans lost, America won
- Father of the constitution
- 4th president of the US
- First president that asked congress to declare war.
- Shortest president at 5 ft 4 in.
- Treaty with Spain and the US
- US gained the territory of present day Florida and gave up claims to present day Texas.
- Son of John Adams
- Secretary of Sate
- Famous for his 4th of July address
- 6th president of the US
- 5th president of the US
- Was president during the era of good feelings
- Famous for the Monroe Doctorn
Manifest Destiny
I think that the main focus if this is the angel. She is smiling down on the people, holding a bible and keeping them safe. She is watching over the travelers. There are horses and carriages, and mule pulling the covered wagon.
I think that the main focus if this is the angel. She is smiling down on the people, holding a bible and keeping them safe. She is watching over the travelers. There are horses and carriages, and mule pulling the covered wagon.
Civil War States
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